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Cramer, J. P. et al. Safety and immunogenicity of experimental stand-alone trivalent, inactivated Sabin-strain polio vaccine formulations in healthy infants: a randomized, observer-blind, controlled phase 1/2 trial. Vaccine 38, 5313–5323 (2020). Tests using human cadaver skin showed that the quantum-dot patterns could be detected by smartphone cameras after up to five years of simulated sun exposure. All immunogenicity results were analyzed by Prism software version 7 (GraphPad, CA, USA). Comparisons among individual samples were done using an unpaired t test. Comparisons among multiple groups were done using a two-way ANOVA. p< 0.05 was considered significant. Reporting summary Moon, SS., Richter-Roche, M., Resch, T.K. et al. Microneedle patch as a new platform to effectively deliver inactivated polio vaccine and inactivated rotavirus vaccine. Peyraud, N. et al. Potential use of microarray patches for vaccine delivery in low- and middle- income countries. Vaccine 37, 4427–4434 (2019).
Microneedle Patch Fabrication of a PVA-Based Hydrogel Microneedle Patch
Microneedle patches full of active ingredients designed to help manage spots and breakouts, reducing the time it takes for these pesky blemishes to disappear.BALB/C mice were injected intraperitoneally with LPS (1 μg g −1) to induce an acute phase response and systemic inflammation. Using functionalized microneedle patches, we measured the longitudinal concentrations of mouse IL-6 in ISF, which is known to increase in serum over 4 h after LPS administration 34. Microneedle patches, pre-functionalized with IL-6-capture antibodies, were administered at different time points on mouse ventral skin and left undisturbed for 20 min (as indicated in Fig. 5b). After removing the microneedle patches from the skin, p-FLISA was performed ex vivo to measure the concentration of IL-6. Fluorescence intensity corresponding to the plasmonic fluors on the microneedle patches exhibited a gradual increase from 1 h to 4 h after LPS injection (Fig. 5c), whereas no significant change was observed in mice injected with saline (negative control group) (Fig. 5c and Supplementary Fig. 15). On the basis of the standard curve (obtained using microneedle patches exposed to known concentrations of IL-6), the concentrations of IL-6 in mouse ISF were determined to be equivalent to 2.6 ± 1.9, 12.3 ± 8.6, 120.4 ± 73.4 and 1271.9 ± 393.4 pg ml −1 at 0, 1, 2.5 and 4 h after LPS injection, respectively (Fig. 5d). Specificity tests also validated that other cytokines or chemokines, whose levels might also increase with LPS injection, do not interfere with the detection and quantification of IL-6 on microneedles (Supplementary Fig. 17 and Supplementary Table 2). The IL-6 concentration in sera collected 4 h after LPS or saline injection exhibited good qualitative correlation with that measured in ISF using the microneedle method at the same time point (Fig. 5e). However, the serum IL-6 concentration was found to be nearly 22-fold higher compared to that in the ISF. The absolute concentration of the protein biomarkers in ISF was lower than the concentration in blood, which can partly be ascribed to the difference between microneedle-based analyte sampling method and solution-based standard curve, as well as inherent variation of proteins in body fluids 4. The p-FLISA standard curve, which is used for estimating the concentration of the analyte, was obtained by exposing the microneedle patches to known concentrations of IL-6 in standard dilution buffer. By contrast, microneedle-based ISF sampling occurs in a dense tissue matrix, resulting in slower diffusion kinetics and, consequently, a lower apparent concentration of the analyte. Nevertheless, the analyte concentration determined using the microneedle-based method also exhibited excellent qualitative agreement with the measured concentrations in serum samples (Fig. 5e and Supplementary Fig. 16). Causing a deliberate injury to the skin to gain a benefit sounds a bit crazy, we’ll be the first to admit that. But when we look at the science behind microneedling, it all becomes clear. They help to plump and refresh the skin, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and minimise dark under eye circles. And with innovative ingredients including hydrating hyaluronic acid, plumping collagen and anti-ageing peptides, and 2,600 microneedles per patch, if you’re concerned about ageing skin, then they’re just what you’re looking for. What Are the Benefits of Microneedling for Collagen Production? Vice Reversa Microneedle Wrinkle Eye Patches are fantastic at targeting fine lines around the eyes.
Microneedle patch delivers COVID-19 vaccine; doesn’t need
Burak Ozdoganlar: Micro-needle Patches for Advanced Drug Delivery Play “We are here to do our part” We demonstrated equivalent antibody titers to PV or RV when rats received a full or quarter dose of IPV and IRV in combination delivered using a second-generation dMNP and thus showed the potential for significant antigen sparing for skin delivery of both vaccines. In addition, rats developed similar levels of RV-specific IgG and homotypic NA titers when IRV in the range of 0.3125–5 µg was administered, but higher dose (≥0.625 µg) of IRV was required to stimulate a heterotypic NA. Our findings of apparent IRV dose sparing agree with those of an early study in which a fractional (20%) dose of IRV dMNP was as effective as a full dose in inducing serum antibody response and the expression of the gut homing receptor LPAM-1 on T and B cells in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of vaccinated mice 24. However, in contrast to our current results, previous studies did not show dose sparing for IPV dMNP in macaques 25. The reasons for this discrepancy are not known. Nevertheless, our findings of antigen sparing for all three IPV types are significant as there are only a handful Salk IPV manufacturers and currently there is a supply shortage worldwide 28. Demonstration of apparent antigen dose sparing of both IRV and IPV, together with adjuvant sparing seen with IRV dMNP 23, 24, should help alleviate potential cost and safety concerns of this novel combination vaccine.
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Alleman, M. M. et al. Update on vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks - worldwide, July 2019-February 2020. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 69, 489–495 (2020). Microneedle patches press into the skin where the microneedles, or crystals made up of active ingredients, penetrate into the dermal layer and are activated by water in the skin to dissolve.
What Are Microneedle Patches and How Do They Work? - VICE REVERSA
Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles were synthesized via previously reported polyol synthesis method 43. In brief, 0.15 g of iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (Sigma Aldrich, 236489) was dissolved in a mixture of 3 ml ethylene glycol (Sigma Aldrich, 102466) and 1 ml ethanolamine (Sigma Aldrich, 398136) to form a stable light-brown s Sullivan, S. P. et al. Dissolving polymer microneedle patches for influenza vaccination. Nat. Med. 16, 915–920 (2010). Jiang, B. et al. Heterotypic protection from rotavirus infection in mice vaccinated with virus-like particles. Vaccine 17, 1005–1013 (1999).
To create an “on-patient,” decentralized medical record, the researchers developed a new type of copper-based quantum dots, which emit light in the near-infrared spectrum. The dots are only about 4 nanometers in diameter, but they are encapsulated in biocompatible microparticles that form spheres about 20 microns in diameter. This encapsulation allows the dye to remain in place, under the skin, after being injected. The scientist says they would be happy to manufacture the microneedle patches for use by researchers on vaccines and treatments. At present, researchers are testing the utility of arrays in delivering chemotherapy to treat skin cancer, but they could easily be used this way as well. The researchers based their vaccine on DNA, which is easier to make than RNA or protein. It’s also more stable than RNA. However, in clinical trials, intramuscular DNA vaccines have been limited in their effectiveness because, unlike RNA or protein, the DNA must find its way inside the cell nucleus to work. By delivering the vaccine into APC-rich skin rather than muscle, the researchers reasoned that they could increase the chances that the DNA would enter the nucleus of an APC.
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