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USB 3.0 also introduced the USB Attached SCSI protocol (UASP), which provides generally faster transfer speeds than the BOT (Bulk-Only-Transfer) protocol. The charging device identifies a charging port by non-data signaling on the D+ and D− terminals. A dedicated charging port places a resistance not exceeding 200Ω across the D+ and D− terminals. [50] :§ 1.4.7; table 5-3 Connectors [ edit ] Comparison of legacy USB connector plugs, omitting the current standard Type-C plugs Lex Friedman (25 February 2013). "Review: Logitech's Ultrathin mini keyboard cover makes the wrong tradeoffs". macworld.com. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013 . Retrieved 29 October 2013. USB2.0 provides for a maximum cable length of 5 meters (16ft 5in) for devices running at high speed (480Mbit/s). The primary reason for this limit is the maximum allowed round-trip delay of about 1.5μs. If USB host commands are unanswered by the USB device within the allowed time, the host considers the command lost. When adding USB device response time, delays from the maximum number of hubs added to the delays from connecting cables, the maximum acceptable delay per cable amounts to 26ns. [37] The USB2.0 specification requires that cable delay be less than 5.2ns/m ( 1.6ns/ft, 192 000 km/s), which is close to the maximum achievable transmission speed for standard copper wire.
The Type-A plug. This plug has an elongated rectangular cross-section, inserts into a Type-A receptacle on a downstream port on a USB host or hub, and carries both power and data. Captive cables on USB devices, such as keyboards or mice, terminate with a Type-A plug. USB connector guide". C2G. Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 . Retrieved 2 December 2013. Whether you want to build your own home theater or just learn more about TVs, displays, projectors, and more, we've got you covered. USB stands for Universal Serial Bus, a common standard launched in 1996. Before this, there was a much wider variety of different connectors commonly used for linking PCs and compatible hardware. Examples you might be familiar with include multiple versions of serial ports, D-Sub, and parallel ports.Installing a device that relies on the USB standard requires minimal operator action. When a user plugs a device into a port on a running computer, it either entirely automatically configures using existing device drivers, or the system prompts the user to locate a driver, which it then installs and configures automatically. High-power devices in USB 2.0 are those draw more than one unit load (up to a maximum of 5 unit loads). 1 unit load is 100mA. a b c "10 Power Rules", Universal Serial Bus Power Delivery Specification revision3.1, version1.0, USB Implementers Forum , retrieved September 5, 2017 That passion continues today. Josh has outfitted his house with a wide variety of smart gadgets, ran Ethernet cables everywhere, assembled Plex servers, and even built a smart mirror with just a frame, some electronics, a Raspberry Pi, and open-source code.
Some non-standard USB devices use the 5V power supply without participating in a proper USB network, which negotiates power draw with the host interface. Examples include USB-powered keyboard lights, fans, mug coolers and heaters, battery chargers, miniature vacuum cleaners, and even miniature lava lamps. In most cases, these items contain no digital circuitry, and thus are not standard-compliant USB devices. This may cause problems with some computers, such as drawing too much current and damaging circuitry. Prior to the USB Battery Charging Specification, the USB specification required that devices connect in a low-power mode (100mA maximum) and communicate their current requirements to the host, which then permits the device to switch into high-power mode.The USB1.1 standard specifies that a standard cable can have a maximum length of 5 meters (16ft 5in) with devices operating at full speed (12Mbit/s), and a maximum length of 3 meters (9ft 10in) with devices operating at low speed (1.5Mbit/s). [35] [36] [37] chargers". EU: EC. 29 June 2009. Archived from the original on 23 October 2009 . Retrieved 22 June 2010. In June 2009, the European Commission organized a voluntary Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to adopt micro-USB as a common standard for charging smartphones marketed in the European Union. The specification was called the common external power supply. The MoU lasted until 2014. The common EPS specification (EN 62684:2010) references the USB Battery Charging Specification and is similar to the GSMA/OMTP and Chinese charging solutions. [94] [95] In January 2011, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) released its version of the (EU's) common EPS standard as IEC 62684:2011. [96] Though most personal computers since early 2005 can boot from USB mass storage devices, USB is not intended as a primary bus for a computer's internal storage. However, USB has the advantage of allowing hot-swapping, making it useful for mobile peripherals, including drives of various kinds. In July 2012, the USB Promoters Group announced the finalization of the USB Power Delivery ( USB-PD) specification (USB PD rev. 1), an extension that specifies using certified PD aware USB cables with standard USB Type-A and Type-B connectors to deliver increased power (more than 7.5W) to devices with greater power demands. (USB-PD A and B plugs have a mechanical mark while Micro plugs have a resistor or capacitor attached to the ID pin indicating the cable capability.) USB-PD Devices can request higher currents and supply voltages from compliant hosts—up to 2A at 5V (for a power consumption of up to 10W), and optionally up to 3A or 5A at either 12V (36W or 60W) or 20V (60W or 100W). [59] In all cases, both host-to-device and device-to-host configurations are supported. [60]
The three sizes of USB connectors are the default, or standard, format intended for desktop or portable equipment, the mini intended for mobile equipment, which was deprecated when it was replaced by the thinner micro size, all of which were deprecated in USB 3.2 in favor of Type-C. There are five speeds for USB data transfer: Low Speed, Full Speed, High Speed (from version 2.0 of the specification), SuperSpeed (from version 3.0), and SuperSpeed+ (from version 3.1). The modes have differing hardware and cabling requirements. USB devices have some choice of implemented modes, and USB version is not a reliable statement of implemented modes. Modes are identified by their names and icons, and the specification suggests that plugs and receptacles be color-coded (SuperSpeed is identified by blue). Hill, Simon; Revilla, Andre; Chandler, Simon (July 1, 2021). "How does fast charging work? Here's every single standard compared". Digital Trends . Retrieved August 20, 2022.
Broad Manufacturer Agreement Gives Universal Phone Cable Green Light" (Press release). OTMP. September 17, 2007. Archived from the original on June 29, 2009 . Retrieved November 26, 2007.
Mini-USB connectors were introduced together with USB 2.0 in April 2000, for use with smaller devices such as digital cameras, smartphones, and tablet computers. The Mini-A connector and the Mini-AB receptacle connector have been deprecated since May 2007. [11] Mini-B connectors are still supported, but are not On-The-Go-compliant; [12] the Mini-B USB connector was standard for transferring data to and from the early smartphones and PDAs. Both Mini-A and Mini-B plugs are approximately 3 by 7mm (0.12 by 0.28in). The Mini-AB receptacle accepts either a Mini-A or Mini-B plug. The maximum allowed cross-section of the overmold boot (which is part of the connector used for its handling) is 16 by 8mm (0.63 by 0.31in) for the Standard-A plug type, while for the Type-B it is 11.5 by 10.5mm (0.45 by 0.41in). [2] Mini connectors [ edit ] Mini-A (left) and Mini-B (right) plugs Common charger: MEPs agree on proposal to reduce electronic waste". European Parliament. April 20, 2022. Archived from the original on April 22, 2022 . Retrieved April 20, 2022. The USB Device Working Group has laid out specifications for audio streaming, and specific standards have been developed and implemented for audio class uses, such as microphones, speakers, headsets, telephones, musical instruments, etc. The working group has published three versions of audio device specifications: [65] [66] USB Audio1.0, 2.0, and 3.0, referred to as "UAC" [67] or "ADC". [68]USB 3.0 Promoter Group Announces Availability of USB Power Delivery Specification" (PDF). July 18, 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 20, 2013 . Retrieved January 16, 2013. The USB3.1 specification introduced an Enhanced SuperSpeed System – while preserving the SuperSpeed architecture and protocol ( SuperSpeed USB) – with an additional SuperSpeedPlus architecture and protocol (aka SuperSpeedPlus USB) adding a new coding schema (128b/132b symbols, 10 Gbps; also known as Gen 2), for some time period marketed as SupeerSpeed+ ( SS+).
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