Grenfell, T. C., and Maykut, G. A., 1977. The optical properties of ice and snow in the Arctic Basin. Journal of Glaciology, 18, 445–463.

term Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) data-set A long-term Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) data-set

Oerlemans, J., and Knapp, W. H., 1998. A one-year record of global radiation and albedo from the ablation zone of the Morteratschgletscher, Switzerland. Journal of Glaciology, 44, 231–238. Grenfell, T. C., Warren, S. G., and Mullen, P. C., 1994. Reflection of solar radiation by the Antarctic snow surface at ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 18669–18684. Albedo is the amount of sunlight ( solar radiation) reflected by a surface, and is usually expressed as a percentage or a decimal value, with 1 being a perfect reflector and 0 absorbing all incoming light. When talking about albedo, the surface is almost always the surface of a planet like Earth. [2] White objects, such as a snowy hill have a high albedo. Conversely, dark objects, like pavement, have a low albedo. [3] The term can also refer to human made structures. In fact, energy efficient building design takes albedo into consideration whether a wall or ceiling warms the building or keeps it cool - resulting in a choice of a dark or light coating respectively. ESR. (September 26, 2015). Albedo [Online]. Available: https://www.esr.org/outreach/glossary/albedo.html

MAX FACTORY

Transient Blossom DMG will snapshot Albedo's stats on cast and will not be affected by changes in his stats that occur afterwards. Painter, T. H., and Dozier, J., 2004. Measurements of the hemispherical-directional reflectance of snow at fine spectral and angular resolution. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, D18115, doi:10.1029/2003JD004458. Grenfell, T. C., and Warren, S. G., 1999. Representation of a nonspherical ice particle by a collection of independent spheres for scattering and absorption of radiation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104(D24), 31,697–31,709. Aoki, Te., Aoki, Ta., Fukabori, M., Hachikubo, A., Tachibana, Y., and Nishio, F., 2000. Effects of snow physical parameters on spectral albedo and bidirectional reflectance of snow surface. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 10219–10236. Damage from the environmental instead of the player (burning grass, fall damage, etc.) can generate Transient Blossoms.

Albedo: Wing Ver. - 株式会社グッドスマイル Albedo: Wing Ver. - 株式会社グッドスマイル

Grenfell, T. C., 1983. A theoretical model of the optical properties of sea ice in the visible and near infrared. Journal of Geophysical Research, 88, 9723–9735. Brandt, R. E., Warren, S. G., Worby, A. P., and Grenfell, T. C., 2005. Surface albedo of the Antarctic sea-ice zone. Journal of Climate, 18, 3606–3622. Wiscombe, W. J., and Warren, S. G., 1980. A model for the spectral albedo of snow, 1, pure snow. Journal of Atmospheric Science, 37, 2712–2733.

Bruegge, C., Chrien, N., and Haner, D., 2001. A Spectralon BRF data base for MISR calibration applications. Remote Sensing of Environment, 76, 354–366. Langleben, M. P., 1971. Albedo of melting sea ice in the southern Beaufort Sea. Journal of Glaciology, 10, 101–104. Hudson, S. R., and Warren, S. G., 2007. An explanation for the effect of clouds over snow on the top-of-atmosphere bidirectional reflectance. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D19202, doi:10.1029/2007JD008541. Warren, S. G., and Clarke, A. D., 1990. Soot in the atmosphere and snow surface of Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95, 1811–1816. Segelstein, D., 1981. The Complex Refractive Index of Water. M.S. Thesis, University of Missouri, Kansas City.

Albedo Measurements - Climate Data Information Albedo Measurements - Climate Data Information

Kato, S., and Loeb, N. G., 2005. Top-of-atmosphere shortwave broadband observed radiance and estimated irradiance over polar regions from Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) instruments on Terra. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D07202, doi:10.1029/2004JD005308. Warren, S. G., and Wiscombe, W. J., 1980. A model for the spectral albedo of snow, 2, Snow containing atmospheric aerosols. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 37, 2734–2745. The Earth's climate depends on a balance of incoming and outgoing energy from the sun, which is determined by albedo. The overall albedo of the Earth - measured to be 0.30 - has a significant effect on the equilibrium temperature of the Earth as it changes how much solar energy is reflected by the Earth as opposed to how much is absorbed. [5] This changes how Earth's energy budget balances and thus changes Earth's heat balance. Taylor, V. R., and Stowe, L. L., 1984. Reflectance characteristics of uniform earth and cloud surfaces derived from Nimbus-7 ERB. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89, 4987–4996. Nolin, A. W., and Dozier, J., 2000. A hyperspectral method for remotely sensing the grain size of snow. Remote Sensing of Environment, 74(2), 207–216.

NASA Earth Observatory. (September 26, 2015). Albedo [Online]. Available: http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=MCD43C3_M_BSA Voss, K. J., and Zhang, H., 2006. Bidirectional reflectance of dry and submerged Labsphere Spectralon plaque. Applied Optics, 45(30), 7924–7927. Mullen, P. C., and Warren, S. G., 1988. Theory of the optical properties of lake ice. J. Geophys. Res., 93(D7), 8403–8414.

Albedo: Wing Ver. - Museum collection Albedo: Wing Ver. - Museum collection

Greuell, W., and de Ruyter de Wildt, M., 1999. Anisotropic reflection by melting glacier ice: measurements and parametrizations in Landsat TM Bands 2 and 4. Remote Sensing of Environment, 70, 265–277. Hudson, S. R., Warren, S. G., Brandt, R. E., Grenfell, T. C., and Six, D., 2006. Spectral bidirectional reflectance of Antarctic snow: measurements and parameterization. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, D18106, doi:10.1029/2006JD007290.

Liljequist, G. H., 1956. Energy exchange of an Antarctic snow field: shortwave radiation (Maudheim 71 o01′ S, 10 o65′ W), Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–1952. Scientific Results, 2(1A). Grenfell, T. C., and Perovich, D. K., 2008. Incident spectral irradiance in the Arctic Basin during the summer and fall. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113, D12117, doi:10.1029/2007JD009418.