Akkizidis, Ioannis; Stagars, Manuel (2016). Marketplace Lending, Financial Analysis, and the Future of Credit: Integration, Profitability, and Risk Management. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons. p.70. ISBN 9781119099185.

The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was the dominant semiconductor device up until the 1960s. [56] [57] In the 1970s, the MOSFET eventually replaced the BJT as the dominant semiconductor technology. [56] Weeks, Michael (2015), "Is disruption theory wearing new clothes or just naked? Analyzing recent critiques of disruptive innovation theory.", Innovation, 17 (4): 417–428, doi: 10.1080/14479338.2015.1061896, S2CID 146250314 |Innovation: Management, Policy & Practice 17:4, 417-428 Lomborg, Bjørn (2018-03-15). "A Trade War On the World's Poorest by Bjørn Lomborg". Project Syndicate . Retrieved 2018-03-24. But when change becomes not only desirable but also urgently necessary, this way of being no longer serves us. In fact, in every human endeavour, every major leap forward, has involved a cataclysmic challenge to existing ways of thinking and being. Breakthroughs, by definition, run against the grain and almost always encounter scepticism and opposition.

Is disruptive the same as innovation?

Already immersed in the information age, where all knowledge is available, the big challenge is: how to generate ideas that are really new and original with everything that exists already? Christensen, Clayton M. & Overdorf, Michael. (2000). "Meeting the Challenge of Disruptive Change" Harvard Business Review, March–April 2000. Kodak and The Digital Revolution - Management of Innovation and Change — PRADEEP SINGH". PRADEEP SINGH. 2015-03-05 . Retrieved 2018-11-20.

Disruptive innovations tend to be produced by outsiders and entrepreneurs in startups, rather than existing market-leading companies. The business environment of market leaders does not allow them to pursue disruptive innovations when they first arise, because they are not profitable enough at first and because their development can take scarce resources away from sustaining innovations (which are needed to compete against current competition). [5] Small teams are more likely to create disruptive innovations than large teams. [6] A disruptive process can take longer to develop than by the conventional approach and the risk associated to it is higher than the other more incremental, architectural or evolutionary forms of innovations, but once it is deployed in the market, it achieves a much faster penetration and higher degree of impact on the established markets. [7]

Marketing

CRT sets were very heavy, and the size and weight of the tube limited the maximum screen size to about 38 inches; in contrast, LCD and other flat-panel TVs are available in 40", 50", 60" and even bigger sizes, all of which weigh much less than a CRT set. CRT technologies did improve in the late 1990s with advances like true-flat panels and digital controls; these updates were not enough to prevent CRTs from being displaced by flat-panel LCD displays. Christensen, Clayton M., Bohmer, Richard, & Kenagy, John. (2000). "Will Disruptive Innovations Cure Health Care?" Harvard Business Review, September 2000.

a b Christensen 1997, p.xviii. Christensen describes as "revolutionary" innovations as "discontinuous" "sustaining innovations". The extrapolation of the theory to all aspects of life has been challenged, [27] [28] as has the methodology of relying on selected case studies as the principal form of evidence. [27] Jill Lepore points out that some companies identified by the theory as victims of disruption a decade or more ago, rather than being defunct, remain dominant in their industries today (including Seagate Technology, U.S. Steel, and Bucyrus). [27] Lepore questions whether the theory has been oversold and misapplied, as if it were able to explain everything in every sphere of life, including not just business but education and public institutions. [27] W.Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne, the authors of Blue Ocean Strategy, also published a book in 2023, Beyond Disruption, criticizing disruptive innovation for the social costs it tends to incur. [29] Disruptive technology [ edit ]It is adaptable: Disruptive thinking involves being able to adapt and change in response to new challenges and situations. Danneels, Erwin (2004). "Disruptive Technology Reconsidered: A Critique and Research Agenda" (PDF). Journal of Product Innovation Management. 21 (4): 246–258. doi: 10.1111/j.0737-6782.2004.00076.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-01-12. Sadiq, Fawad; Hussain, Tasweer; Naseem, Afshan; Mirza, Muhammad Zeeshan; Syed, Ahsan Ali (2021-03-10). "The pursuit of disruptive innovations by middle managers: effects of the firm's customer orientation and mastery achievement goals". Review of Managerial Science. 16 (2): 551–581. doi: 10.1007/s11846-021-00456-x. ISSN 1863-6691. S2CID 233686783. Guo, Jianfeng; Pan, Jiaofeng; Guo, Jianxin; Gu, Fu; Kuusisto, Jari (February 2019). "Measurement framework for assessing disruptive innovations". Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 139: 250–265. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2018.10.015.