Isopropyl alcohol is often used as both solvent and hydride source in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction and other transfer hydrogenation reactions. Isopropyl alcohol may be converted to 2-bromopropane using phosphorus tribromide, or dehydrated to propene by heating with sulfuric acid.

Reeve, W.; Erikson, C. M.; Aluotto, P. F. (1979). "A new method for the determination of the relative acidities of alcohols in alcoholic solutions. The nucleophilicities and competitive reactivities of alkoxides and phenoxides". Can. J. Chem. 57 (20): 2747–2754. doi: 10.1139/v79-444. Isopropyl alcohol is used as an additive in alkaline anisotropic etching of monocrystalline silicon, such as with potassium hydroxide or tetramethylammonium hydroxide. This process used in texturing of silicon solar cells and microfabrication (eg. in MEMS devices). Isopropyl alcohol increases the anisotropy of the etch by increasing the etch rate of [100] plane relative to higher indexed planes. [28] Safety [ edit ] Isopropanol". Sigma-Aldrich. 19 January 2012. Archived from the original on 17 January 2021 . Retrieved 6 July 2012. Uses [ edit ] One of the small scale uses of isopropanol is in cloud chambers. Isopropanol has ideal physical and chemical properties to form a supersaturated layer of vapor which can be condensed by particles of radiation.

MANTÉNGASE ACTUALIZADO SOBRE NOTICIAS, PRODUCTOS Y CONSEJOS DE CHEMTRONICS

Isopropyl alcohol poisoning". uptodate.com. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10 . Retrieved 2017-10-10. Isopropanol". PubChem. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019 . Retrieved February 10, 2019.

Isopropyl alcohol can be oxidized to acetone, which is the corresponding ketone. This can be achieved using oxidizing agents such as chromic acid, or by dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol over a heated copper catalyst: Is rubbing alcohol a disinfectant? The simple answer is: yes! Rubbing alcohol is a great way to disinfect hard objects and items in your home. As shown above, cleaning electronics with alcohol is a simple and effective cleaning method, and it works the same with other small surfaces such as house keys and toilet handles. Simply leave wet for around 30 Isopropyl alcohol forms an azeotrope with water, which gives a boiling point of 80.37°C (176.67°F) and a composition of 87.7% by mass (91% by volume) isopropyl alcohol. Alcohol mixtures have depressed melting points. [11] It has a slightly bitter taste, and is not safe to drink. [11] [12] Small amounts of isopropyl alcohol are produced in the body in diabetic ketoacidosis. [20] Indirect hydration [ edit ]Isopropyl alcohol ( IUPAC name propan-2-ol and also called isopropanol or 2-propanol) is a colorless, flammable organic compound with a pungent alcoholic odor. [9] As an isopropyl group linked to a hydroxyl group ( chemical formula (CH 3) 2CHOH) it is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms. It is a structural isomer of propan-1-ol and ethyl methyl ether. They all have the formula C 3H 8O. Isopropyl alcohol is oxidized to form acetone by alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver [32] and has a biological half-life in humans between 2.5 and 8.0 hours. [32] Unlike methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning, the metabolites of isopropyl alcohol are considerably less toxic, and treatment is largely supportive. Furthermore, there is no indication for the use of fomepizole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, unless co-ingestion with methanol or ethylene glycol is suspected. [35] a b c d "Isopropyl alcohol". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Isopropyl alcohol has a maximal absorbance at 205nm in an ultraviolet- visible spectrum. [13] [14] Reactions [ edit ]

In 1920, Standard Oil first produced isopropyl alcohol by hydrating propene. Isopropyl alcohol was oxidized to acetone for the preparation of cordite, a smokeless, low explosive propellant. [16] Production [ edit ] Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate, SIPX, Xanthate". 3DChem.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-04 . Retrieved 2012-06-17.

Kalapos, M. P. (2003). "On the mammalian acetone metabolism: from chemistry to clinical implications". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1621 (2): 122–39. doi: 10.1016/S0304-4165(03)00051-5. PMID 12726989.

Isopropyl alcohol vapor is denser than air and is flammable, with a flammability range of between 2 and 12.7% in air. It should be kept away from heat, sparks, and open flame. [29] Distillation of isopropyl alcohol over magnesium has been reported to form peroxides, which may explode upon concentration. [30] [31] Toxicology [ edit ] Isopropyl alcohol is miscible in water, ethanol, and chloroform, as it is an organic polar molecule. It dissolves ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, many oils, alkaloids, and natural resins. [10] Unlike ethanol or methanol, isopropyl alcohol is not miscible with salt solutions and can be separated from aqueous solutions by adding a salt such as sodium chloride. The process is colloquially called salting out, and causes concentrated isopropyl alcohol to separate into a distinct layer. [11] Inhaled isopropyl alcohol can be used for treating nausea in some settings by placing a disinfecting pad under the nose. [25] Early uses as an anesthetic [ edit ] Chemical safety: peroxide formation in 2-propanol". Chemical & Engineering News. 94 (31): 2. August 1, 2016. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017 . Retrieved November 2, 2017.If you know where to use it, rubbing alcohol can be an invaluable cleaning tool. Here are just some of the ways of using isopropyl alcohol to clean: Chavez, Andrew R.; Sweeney, Michael; Akpunonu, Peter (2021-12-14). "A Case of Unintentional Isopropanol Poisoning via Transdermal Absorption Delayed by Weekly Hemodialysis". The American Journal of Case Reports. 22: e934529. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.934529. ISSN 1941-5923. PMC 8689373. PMID 34905533. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (1922). Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, Volume 19. p.85. Archived from the original on 2021-12-20 . Retrieved 2016-09-24.