a b Erfurth, Charlotte (2008). " Macaca arctoides". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023 . Retrieved July 24, 2023. Kanelos, Matthew (2009). " Macaca sinica". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 7, 2023 . Retrieved July 24, 2023.

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Primate Factsheets: Long-tailed macaque ( Macaca fascicularis) Conservation". pin.primate.wisc.edu . Retrieved 2018-07-02. a b Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rded.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp.161–165. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494. Macaques are mainly vegetarian, although some species have been observed feeding on insects. In natural habitats, they have been observed to consume certain parts of over one hundred species of plants including the buds, fruit, young leaves, bark, roots, and flowers. When macaques live amongst people, they raid agricultural crops such as wheat, rice, or sugarcane; and garden crops like tomatoes, bananas, melons, mangos, or papayas. [11] In human settings, they also rely heavily on direct handouts from people. This includes peanuts, rice, legumes, or even prepared food.

a b Lee, R.; Riley, E.; Sangermano, F.; Cannon, C.; Shekelle, M. (2021). " Macaca brunnescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T12569A17985924. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T12569A17985924.en.

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Macaques are found in a variety of habitats throughout the Asian continent and are highly adaptable. Certain species are synanthropic, having learned to live alongside humans, but they have become problematic in urban areas in Southeast Asia and are not suitable to live with, as they can carry transmittable diseases. a b Ruppert, N.; Holzner, A.; Hansen, M. F.; Ang, A.; Jones-Engel, L. (2022). " Macaca nemestrina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T12555A215350982. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T12555A215350982.en. a b Hansen, M. F.; Ang, A.; Trinh, T. T. H.; Sy, E.; Paramasivam, S.; Ahmed, T.; Dimalibot, J.; Jones-Engel, L.; Ruppert, N.; Griffioen, C.; Lwin, N.; Phiapalath, P.; Gray, R.; Kite, S.; Doak, N.; Nijman, V.; Fuentes, A.; Gumert, M. D. (2022) [amended version of 2022 assessment]. " Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T12551A221666136. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T12551A221666136.en. Diet: Fruit, as well as leaves, stems, flowers, buds, fungi, insects, lizards, tree frogs, and small mammals [45] a b Chetry, D.; Boonratana, R.; Das, J.; Long, Y.; Htun, S.; Timmins, R. J. (2020). " Macaca arctoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12548A185202632. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12548A185202632.en.Hartwig, Walter Carl (2002). The primate fossil record. Cambridge University Press. p.273. ISBN 978-0-521-66315-1.