Fundraisers have been keeping a close eye, too, on the enthusiasm for the bands among schoolchildren, who offer the prospect of a relatively untapped new market for charitable giving. On school campuses these days, people wear "any that they can get their hands on that look good", says Fergus Boden, a 14-year-old wristband enthusiast from Kendal, in Cumbria, who is attending the Hay festival. "I think it's a good craze, because all the money spent does go to charity, and charities get money even though some people aren't buying them for the right reasons." Like Pokemon cards before them, and yo-yos before that, the rarity of a wristband increases its desirability, even when the details of the specific charitable project may not be well known to the wearer. This is not, it seems, the only sign that all is not going entirely as planned with the explosively popular phenomenon of the charity wristband. They have been banned in schools across the country (for health and safety reasons, headteachers have said) and children wearing blue wristbands in support of a nationwide anti-bullying campaign have, both ironically and distressingly, been bullied about it. TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "airway control" ) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "airway management" ) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "difficult airway" ) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "airway" ) ) ) Risk factors related to difficult airway scenario include poor identification of at-risk patients, poor or incomplete planning, inadequate provision of skilled staff and equipment, 9 delayed recognition of events, 10 and failed rescue due to failure in interpreting the capnography. 11 As difficult airway is, unfortunately, an ever-present hazard in anesthetic practice, some recommendations have been suggested to better management of this issue, including the establishment of a structured difficult airway/intubation registry linked to a highly visible coded patient wristband for in-hospital identification of such patients. 12 I wouldn't dream of wearing one," says the author Tim Lott, at Hay. "It's a very peculiar thing to do ... The whole thing about making a statement about myself, pointing out what a virtuous person I am, makes me uncomfortable. I think those who try to convince you of that don't, finally. The more you start making a statement about virtue, you're not virtuous yourself."

Person-centred care recognises that an individual with dementia is still a person and deserves to be treated as a human being, rather than as an illness. Therefore, the senior healthcare assistant focused on providing the right care and support to those with dementia, particularly in their busy Emergency Department. By strengthening the focus of dementia care within the department, patient’s, family and friends feel they are more effectively supported with a continued focus on compassion, dignity and respect tailored to meet the patients specific needs. How to change The structured searching for relevant papers at Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, MEDLINE, and OVID used a combination of MeSH terms and non-controlled vocabulary that we considered crucial to our objective, in the equation:A Senior Healthcare Assistant (HCA) and Dementia Champion within the Royal Preston Hospital Emergency Department developed an adapted patient identification wristband that supported staff to recognise that a patient may have additional needs related to their diagnosis of dementia. The innovation has been well received by patients, their families and carers and staff working at the Royal Preston Hospital. Where to look Each wrist band adaptation has the potential to prevent distress through miscommunication throughout a patient’s hospital visit or stay. Yesterday, the Guardian reported allegations that some of the factories involved in producing the white Make Poverty History rubber wristband, as sported by Bono, might themselves have been guilty of exploitative labour practices, a charge the campaign says it is investigating. And then there are the pervasive worries that arise when the world of fashion meets the world of charitable giving - issues that greatly exercised the audience-participants yesterday at the Hay-on-Wye literature festival, where this edition of G2 was produced with their involvement. (Their editorial decisions, expressed in a vote, resulted in this article, parts of which were researched and written live on stage.) The strategists behind the wristband campaigns are well aware of the potential problems. "It is a dilemma," says Jonathan Glennie, of Christian Aid, part of the Make Poverty History coalition, which has sold more than 3m wristbands. "You want everyone to be wearing a white band, but you also have some very specific policy demands. So we had to ask ourselves: did we, for example, want to try to get Tony Blair to wear a white band? We discussed it, and the majority decided that we didn't want him to if it was just for the sentiment: he had to embrace the policy demands we're calling for, and we're calling for a lot more than he seems prepared to offer." This is a recurring concern, especially when a slogan is as unequivocally laudable - and completely un-disagreeable-with - as Make Poverty History, and the bands do elicit a certain amount of cynicism, chiefly about the motives of the wearer, and the sense on the part of others that they are somehow being bullied into following suit. In the retrospective review of Atkins et al. 25 at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, the authors report the implementation of a Difficult Airway ID system since 2006, in which the medical staff place a wristband on the patient with documented difficult airway or anticipated difficult airway while they are in the hospital. This system, according to the authors, is along the lines of a model described by Berkow et al. 26 Regarding the use of wristbands, Berkow et al., 26 report that since 1996, in-patients with known difficult airway wore throughout their hospitalization time, a green alert band attached to their identification band. Moreover, Darby et al., 27 developed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital, a Difficult Airway Management Team since 2005, which involved since 2011 the use of difficult airway wristband alerts as a quality improvement intervention. Mark et al. 12 in 1992 and Mark et al. 28 in 2015 report the application of a temporary patient wristband with high visibility at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. In their study from 2015, the authors explained the use of a blue wristband in patients with known difficult airway as a measure included in their Difficult Airway Response Team (DART) program developed in 2005.

The identification of a difficult airway with wristbands at an appropriate time is a strategy can have low cost but high impact on morbidity. Here we found that the use of wristbands is being implemented as a measure to improve quality and safety of in-patients with difficult airway either known or suspected in developed countries. However, we did not find studies from Latin-American countries, which lead us to believe that it is pertinent to develop a methodology such as the use of wristbands, that allows a good classification and identification of patients with difficult airway in hospitals from Latin America.According to the questionnaires, only 4% of the UK anaesthetic departments responded that used warning bracelets issued whilst the patient is in the hospital as a method of documentation and communication of airway problems. But even among the well-intentioned, the road to an ethical life remains strewn with perilous manholes. At the Oxfam shop in Hay-on-Wye, Emily Bacon, a teacher from Litchfield, has come for some answers. She has seen the story in the paper: was the wristband she bought two weeks previously manufactured unethically? "Because if it was," she declares, "I won't be wearing it any more." Volunteer Susan Baker doesn't have a definite answer - "but I can tell you for certain that inquires had been made." Oxfam head office had asked for written assurance months ago that the production process was all above board, she says, and until the letter was received, only the non-disputed cloth wristbands were put on sale. It is clear she hopes desperately that all is above board: so passionately does she support the campaign that whenever she parks her car, she wraps a homemade Make Poverty History banner around the vehicle. Simple diversion activities have a significantly positive impact, patients seem more relaxed and happier but it is important to find the correct diversion activity for each individual and not make assumptions.

Since 1996, in-patients who were known to have a difficult airway had a green alert band attached next to their patient identification band. This alert band stayed with the patient throughout the hospitalization. I wear them because they're trendy and it supports charity. This one is hard to find. I've also got Beat Bullying, Breast Cancer and Make Poverty History. If I knew it was unethically made I wouldn't buy any more but it wouldn't stop me wearing it. Loads of people are buying fake ones from the garage for 99p. They have nothing to do with charity. The creation of a difficult airway identification (DAID) bracelet arose from a safety-focused improvement Each patient identified as having a difficult airway is given a blue wristband to immediately activate the Difficult Airway Response Team (DART) should their airway become compromised. When difficult airway has been recognized, medical staff should document specific details for which templates for this purpose have been previously published. 22 Measures such as wristbands and patient identification emblems/bracelets and alert cards, such as that provided by the New Zealand Society of Anaesthetists in a tertiary referral hospital, have been employed according to Baker et al. 23 Difficult airway information must be shared openly so that future potential problems are avoided. 22 One of the best ways to share this information is to develop an international alert system that allows health care providers to have instant access to the conditions of a patient, even if the patient have to be transferred to a health care institute in another city or country. 23An added concern with a wristband, of course, is the idea that the buyer might think that that was enough: that making a small donation and showing that you had done so was all you needed to do. "What's important is that people understand that, obviously, wearing the wristband is not going to make poverty history all on its own," says Romilly Greenhill, of Action Aid, another coalition member. "The wristband really must be seen as the first part of engagement in the whole campaign." I wear the bands because they are cool. I've got the most in my class. My favourite is the anti-racism one - it's the most famous, every single person in my whole school is trying to get one. They are banned in school but we still wear them.