Barber, Casey (18 February 2007). "Do you really need a Microplane for your kitchen? Yes, and here's why". today.com. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019 . Retrieved 8 November 2019. Riyani, Utami Evi (21 July 2017). "TERUNGKAP! Sejarah Hubungan Bali dan Kepulauan Kei yang Tak Banyak Diketahui Orang: Okezone Travel". travel.okezone.com/ (in Malay). Archived from the original on 18 January 2022 . Retrieved 18 January 2022. High standard of compliance with statutory obligations and industry codes of recommended practice; conforms to accepted good practices in the trade.

a b Pat Chapman (2007). India Food and Cooking: The Ultimate Book on Indian Cuisine. New Holland Publishers. p.16. ISBN 978-1-84537-619-2. Before the Dutch regained control of the islands, the East India Company used their occupation of the Spice Islands to gather spice seedlings. Thus began a transplantation on an almost industrial scale – most were sent to Bencoolen and Penang, as well as Ceylon and other British colonies. [25] In the previous occupation in the 1790s the EIC had established spice gardens in Penang; by 1805 these contained 5,100 nutmeg trees and 15,000 clove trees. After the occupation in 1815 that number had jumped to 13,000 nutmeg trees and as many as 20,000 clove trees. [10] From these locations the trees were then transplanted to other British colonies elsewhere, notably Grenada and later Zanzibar. As a result, this competition largely destroyed the value of the Banda Islands to the Dutch. [3] Al Mujabuddawat, Muhammad (1 August 2018). "Jejak Kedatangan Utusan Majapahit di Pulau Ambon". PURBAWIDYA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Arkeologi. 7 (1): 53–70. doi: 10.24164/pw.v7i1.254. ISSN 2528-3618. S2CID 135373280. Archived from the original on 29 July 2022 . Retrieved 25 July 2022.Nutmeg and derivatives (Review)". Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. September 1994. Archived from the original on 30 October 2018 . Retrieved 29 October 2018. After the Dutch surrender, Captain Charles Foote (of Piedmontaise) was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of the Banda Islands. This action was a prelude to Britain's invasion of Java in 1811 which Cole also took a leading role in planning and executing. This was successfully completed under Rear-Admiral Robert Stopford. [13] For his services, Cole was knighted in May 1812, awarded a specially minted medal, and given an honorary doctorate by the University of Oxford. [12] Milne, Peter (16 January 2011). "Banda, the nutmeg treasure islands". Jakarta Post. Jakarta. pp.10–11. Archived from the original on 22 October 2019 . Retrieved 22 December 2011. But the economic importance of the Bandas was only fleeting. With the Napoleonic wars raging across Europe, the British returned to the Bandas in the early 19th century, temporarily taking over control from the Dutch. The English uprooted hundreds of valuable nutmeg seedlings and transport them to their own colonies in Ceylon and Singapore, breaking the Dutch monopoly and consigning the Bandas to economic decline. a b c d e f g h Ehrenpreis, J. E.; Deslauriers, C; Lank, P; Armstrong, P. K.; Leikin, J. B. (2014). "Nutmeg Poisonings: A Retrospective Review of 10Years Experience from the Illinois Poison Center, 2001–2011". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 10 (2): 148–151. doi: 10.1007/s13181-013-0379-7. PMC 4057546. PMID 24452991. Monk, K. A.; Fretes, Y.; Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. (1996). The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. p.9. ISBN 962-593-076-0.

Dotschkal, Janna (2015-06-22). "The Spice Trade's Forgotten Island". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2016-12-13 . Retrieved 2017-04-13. Pigeaud, Theodoor Gautier Thomas (1962). Java in the 14th Century: A Study in Cultural History, Volume IV: Commentaries and Recapitulations (3rd reviseded.). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. ISBN 978-94-017-7133-7. High standard of compliance with statutory obligations and industry codes of recommended practice, minor contraventions of food hygiene regulations. Some minor non-compliance with statutory obligations and industry codes of recommended practice.Rainforest covered most of northern and central Maluku, which, on the smaller islands has been replaced by plantations, including the region's endemic cloves and nutmeg. The Tanimbar Islands and other southeastern islands are arid and sparsely vegetated, much like nearby Timor. [23] In 1997 the Manusela National Park, and in 2004, the Aketajawe-Lolobata National Park, were established, for the protection of endangered species. [ citation needed] From The Malay Archipelago by Alfred Wallace (1869): illustration of king and twelve-wired birds-of-paradise by John Gerrard Keulemans. Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama" (in Indonesian). Ministry of Religious Affairs. 31 August 2022 . Retrieved 29 October 2023. Muslim 241 Million (87), Christianity 29.1 Million (10.5), Hindu 4.69 million (1.7), Buddhist 2.02 million (0.7), Folk, Confucianism, and others 192.311 (0.1), Total 277.749.673 Million Amitav Ghosh (December 30, 2016). "What Nutmeg Can Tell Us About Nafta". New York Times. Archived from the original on September 11, 2019 . Retrieved April 13, 2017.

The British force destined for the Banda Islands appeared at Banda Neira on 9 August. The main defence on the islands was Fort Belgica which is a fairly significant position built in the stereotypical Vauban pentagon and surrounded by a ditch. [20] The older Fort Nassau lay further down to Belgica. The defences had been strengthened since the British had left the islands. In addition there were ten batteries (exclusive of the two forts) and as Spencer had predicted, there were 700 regular Dutch troops and 800 native militia. [9] Donkin, R. A. (1997). Between East and West: The Moluccas and the Traffic in Spices Up to the Arrival of Europeans. American Philosophical Society. ISBN 0-87169-248-1. In 2019, global production of nutmeg was 142,000 tonnes, led by Indonesia, Guatemala, and India, having 38,000 to 43,000 tonnes each and a combined 85% of the world total. [25] Psychoactivity and toxicity [ edit ] Nutmeg and mace have similar sensory qualities, with nutmeg having a slightly sweeter and mace a more delicate flavour. Mace is often preferred in light dishes for the bright orange, saffron-like hue it imparts. Nutmeg is used for flavouring many dishes. Whole nutmeg can also be ground at home using a grater specifically designed for nutmeg [9] or a multi-purpose grating tool. [10]The second force intended to capture the Banda Islands, the heart of the Spice trade – notably the strongly defended island of Banda Neira. The force comprised the 36-gun frigate Caroline, the former French frigate HMS Piedmontaise, the 18-gun sloop HMS Barracouta, and a 12-gun transport, the captured Dutch vessel Mandarin, which was serving as a tender to Caroline. [1] The frigates and sloop carried a hundred officers and men of the Madras European Regiment, as well as sailors and Royal Marines, and twenty men and two guns from the Madras Artillery. [11] The squadron was commanded by Captain Christopher Cole, with Captain Charles Foote on Piedmontaise and Captain Richard Kenah aboard Barracouta. [12] They departed from Madras and sailed via Singapore, where Captain Richard Spencer informed Cole that over 700 regular Dutch troops may be located in the Bandas. [13] By 1810 the Kingdom of Holland was a vassal of Napoleonic France and Great Britain along with the East India Company sought to control the rich Dutch spice islands in the East Indies. Two British forces were allocated; one to the island of Ambon and Ternate, then another force would capture the more heavily defended islands of Banda Neira, following which any other island that was defended. The most important commercial species is the common, true or fragrant nutmeg, M. fragrans ( Myristicaceae), native to the Moluccas (or Spice Islands) of Indonesia. [7] [8] It is also cultivated on Penang Island in Malaysia, in the Caribbean, especially in Grenada, and in Kerala, a state formerly known as Malabar in ancient writings as the hub of spice trading, in southern India. In the 17th-century work Hortus Botanicus Malabaricus, Hendrik van Rheede records that Indians learned the usage of nutmeg from the Indonesians through ancient trade routes. In Indian cuisine, nutmeg is used in many sweet, as well as savoury, dishes. In Kerala Malabar region, grated nutmeg is used in meat preparations and also sparingly added to desserts for the flavour. It may also be used in small quantities in garam masala. [12]

a b c Demetriades, A. K.; Wallman, P. D.; McGuiness, A.; Gavalas, M. C. (2005). "Low Cost, High Risk: Accidental Nutmeg Intoxication". Emergency Medicine Journal. 22 (3): 223–225. doi: 10.1136/emj.2002.004168. PMC 1726685. PMID 15735280. The islands were known as the Spice Islands because of the nutmeg, mace, and cloves that were exclusively found there, the presence of which sparked colonial interest from Europe in the 16th century. [3] Welcome to Maluku". Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017 . Retrieved 11 April 2017. Some non-compliance with statutory obligations and industry codes of recommended practice. The premises are in the top 50 per cent of premises and standards are being maintained or improved. A higher proportion of the landmass will be affected by volcanic activity, earthquakes, landslips, and cyclone damage;Moore, Bob; van Nierop, Henk (2017). Colonial Empires Compared: Britain and the Netherlands, 1750–1850. Routledge. ISBN 9781351950503. Bellwood, Peter (1997). Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 0-8248-1883-0. A day after the town's surrender Mithman then surrendered the island to the British who promptly took possession. [10] By August 31 the campaign in the Moluccas had ended. [24] Aftermath [ edit ] A commemorative woodwork in Banda Neira dedicated to Christopher Cole. a b c Wilson, Horace Hayman (1845). The History of British India: From 1805–1835 Volume 1 of The History of British India from 1805 to 1835. J. Madden & Company. pp.341–48. Charlotte Flint (2018). "Nutmeg Toxicity". Pet Poison Helpline. Archived from the original on 30 October 2018 . Retrieved 29 October 2018.