Mus, M.M.; Palacios, T.; Jensen, S. (2008). "Size of the earliest mollusks: Did small helcionellids grow to become large adults?". Geology. 36 (2): 175. Bibcode: 2008Geo....36..175M. doi: 10.1130/G24218A.1. Mollusks live in most terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats. However, the majority of species live in the ocean. They can be found in both shallow and deep water and from tropical to polar latitudes. Mollusks are a major food source for other organisms, including humans. You may have eaten mollusks such as clams, oysters, scallops, or mussels.

Kocot, K. M.; Cannon, J. T.; Todt, C.; Citarella, M. R.; Kohn, A. B.; Meyer, A.; Santos, S. R.; Schander, C.; Moroz, L. L.; etal. (22 September 2011). "Phylogenomics reveals deep molluscan relationships". Nature. 477 (7365): 452–456. Bibcode: 2011Natur.477..452K. doi: 10.1038/nature10382. PMC 4024475. PMID 21892190. All species of cone snails are venomous and can sting painfully when handled, although many species are too small to pose much of a risk to humans, and only a few fatalities have been reliably reported. Their venom is a complex mixture of toxins, some fast-acting and others slower but deadlier. [103] [99] [104] The effects of individual cone-shell toxins on victims' nervous systems are so precise as to be useful tools for research in neurology, and the small size of their molecules makes it easy to synthesize them. [103] [105] Disease vectors [ edit ] Skin vesicles created by the penetration of Schistosoma. (Source: CDC) Healy, J.M. (2001). "The Mollusca". In Anderson, D.T. (ed.). Invertebrate Zoology (2ed.). Oxford University Press. pp.120–171. ISBN 978-0-19-551368-4.Schneider, J.A. (2001). "Bivalve systematics during the 20th century". Journal of Paleontology. 75 (6): 1119–1127. doi: 10.1666/0022-3360(2001)075<1119:BSDTC>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 85583173.

Zong-Jie, F. (2006). "An introduction to Ordovician bivalves of southern China, with a discussion of the early evolution of the Bivalvia". Geological Journal. 41 (3–4): 303–328. doi: 10.1002/gj.1048. S2CID 129430674.

What is the treatment for molluscum contagiosum?

Landing, E.; Geyer, G.; Bartowski, K.E. (2002). "Latest Early Cambrian Small Shelly Fossils, Trilobites, and Hatch Hill Dysaerobic Interval on the Quebec Continental Slope". Journal of Paleontology. 76 (2): 287–305. doi: 10.1666/0022-3360(2002)076<0287:LECSSF>2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 1307143. S2CID 130381069. Many mollusks also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and in anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and in habitat. Periodically, circular muscles at the hindgut's entrance pinch off and excrete a piece of the prostyle, preventing the prostyle from growing too large. The anus, in the part of the mantle cavity, is swept by the outgoing "lane" of the current created by the gills. Carnivorous molluscs usually have simpler digestive systems. [16]

The mantle edge secretes a shell (secondarily absent in a number of taxonomic groups, such as the nudibranchs [13]) that consists of mainly chitin and conchiolin (a protein hardened with calcium carbonate), [16] [28] except the outermost layer, which in almost all cases is all conchiolin (see periostracum). [16] Molluscs never use phosphate to construct their hard parts, [29] with the questionable exception of Cobcrephora. [30]Good evidence exists for the appearance of gastropods (e.g., Aldanella), cephalopods (e.g., Plectronoceras, Nectocaris?) and bivalves ( Pojetaia, Fordilla) towards the middle of the Cambrian period, c. 500million years ago, though arguably each of these may belong only to the stem lineage of their respective classes. [47] However, the evolutionary history both of the emergence of molluscs from the ancestral group Lophotrochozoa, and of their diversification into the well-known living and fossil forms, is still vigorously debated. Little, L., Fowler, H.W., Coulson, J., and Onions, C.T., ed. (1964). "Malacology". Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University press. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list ( link)

As the head has largely disappeared in bivalves, the mouth has been equipped with labial palps (two on each side of the mouth) to collect the detritus from its mucus. [13] Nervous system [ edit ] Simplified diagram of the mollusc nervous system Morphological analyses tend to recover a conchiferan clade that receives less support from molecular analyses, [80] although these results also lead to unexpected paraphylies, for instance scattering the bivalves throughout all other mollusc groups. [81]According to the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 27 April 2016, on the protection of natural persons with regard to personal data processing and on the free movement of such data and repealing Directive 95/46/EC, we hereby inform you that your data will be processed under the responsibility of LABORATORIOS VIÑAS SA for the purpose of carrying out the maintenance and management of relations with users, so that we can answer their requests for information, queries or suggestions. a b Butterfield, N.J. (May 2008). "An Early Cambrian Radula". Journal of Paleontology. 82 (3): 543–554. Bibcode: 2008JPal...82..543B. doi: 10.1666/07-066.1. S2CID 86083492. newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\) Likewise, LABORATORIOS VIÑAS SA hereby informs you that the data will be held while the consent you provide remains valid, except in those cases in which we are legall Right to Object: this is the user’s right for the processing of their personal data not to be carried out or for the processing thereof by LABORATORIOS VIÑAS SA to cease.