Mendeleyev's Dream: The Quest For the Elements

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He debated against the scientific claims of spiritualism, arguing that metaphysical idealism was no more than ignorant superstition. He bemoaned the widespread acceptance of spiritualism in Russian culture, and its negative effects on the study of science. [64] Vodka myth Chemistry has been a neglected area of science writing, and Mendeleyev, the king of chemistry, is a largely forgotten genius. Strathern's history goes a long way toward correcting that injustice." —Simon Singh, Sunday Telegraph, author of The Code Book and Fermat's Last Theorem The original draft made by Mendeleev would be found years later and published under the name Tentative System of Elements. [49]

Gribbin, J (2002). The Scientists: A History of Science Told Through the Lives of Its Greatest Inventors. New York: Random House. p.378. Bibcode: 2003shst.book.....G. ISBN 978-0812967883.

A. No, never.

Strathern conjures up from the dusty past, and richly fleshes out for us, the long line of extraordinary characters, their lives, influences, and contributions that eventually produced modern chemistry that has so profoundly shaped the modern world. Mendeleev published his periodic table of all known elements and predicted several new elements to complete the table in a Russian-language journal. Only a few months after, Meyer published a virtually identical table in a German-language journal. [39] [40] Mendeleev has the distinction of accurately predicting the properties of what he called ekasilicon, ekaaluminium and ekaboron ( germanium, gallium and scandium, respectively). [41] [42] Mendeleev made other important contributions to chemistry. The Russian chemist and science historian Lev Chugaev characterized him as "a chemist of genius, first-class physicist, a fruitful researcher in the fields of hydrodynamics, meteorology, geology, certain branches of chemical technology (explosives, petroleum, and fuels, for example) and other disciplines adjacent to chemistry and physics, a thorough expert of chemical industry and industry in general, and an original thinker in the field of economy." Mendeleev was one of the founders, in 1869, of the Russian Chemical Society. He worked on the theory and practice of protectionist trade and on agriculture. Mendeleev became a professor at the Saint Petersburg Technological Institute and Saint Petersburg State University in 1864, [26] and 1865, respectively. In 1865, he became a Doctor of Science for his dissertation "On the Combinations of Water with Alcohol". He achieved tenure in 1867 at St. Petersburg University and started to teach inorganic chemistry while succeeding Voskresenskii to this post; [26] by 1871, he had transformed Saint Petersburg into an internationally recognized center for chemistry research.

Vincent Barnett, "Catalysing Growth?: Mendeleev and the 1891 Tariff." in W. Samuels, ed., A Research Annual: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology (2004) Vol. 22 Part 1 pp. 123–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-4154(03)22004-6 Online

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Kak, Subhash (2004). "Mendeleev and the Periodic Table of Elements". Sandhan. 4 (2): 115–123. arXiv: physics/0411080. Bibcode: 2004physics..11080K.

Mendeleev was born in the village of Verkhnie Aremzyani, near Tobolsk in Siberia, to Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev [ ru] (1783–1847) and Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva ( née Kornilieva) (1793–1850). [3] [4] Ivan worked as a school principal and a teacher of fine arts, politics and philosophy at the Tambov and Saratov gymnasiums. [5] Ivan's father, Pavel Maximovich Sokolov, was a Russian Orthodox priest from the Tver region. [6] As per the tradition of priests of that time, Pavel's children were given new family names while attending the theological seminary, [7] with Ivan getting the family name Mendeleev after the name of a local landlord. [8] John Kotz, Paul Treichel, Gabriela Weaver (2005). "Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity," Cengage Learning. p. 333

The Quest for the Elements

Otto Böhtlingk, Panini's Grammatik: Herausgegeben, Ubersetzt, Erlautert und MIT Verschiedenen Indices Versehe. St. Petersburg, 1839–40. A very popular Russian story credits Mendeleev with setting the 40% standard strength of vodka. For example, Russian Standard vodka advertises: "In 1894, Dmitri Mendeleev, the greatest scientist in all Russia, received the decree to set the Imperial quality standard for Russian vodka and the 'Russian Standard' was born" [65] Others cite "the highest quality of Russian vodka approved by the royal government commission headed by Mendeleev in 1894". [66] Heilbron, John L. (2003). The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-974376-6.

In fact, the 40% standard was already introduced by the Russian government in 1843, when Mendeleev was nine years old. [66] It is true that Mendeleev in 1892 became head of the Archive of Weights and Measures in Saint Petersburg, and evolved it into a government bureau the following year, but that institution was charged with standardising Russian trade weights and measuring instruments, not setting any production quality standards. Also, Mendeleev's 1865 doctoral dissertation was entitled "A Discourse on the combination of alcohol and water", but it only discussed medical-strength alcohol concentrations over 70%, and he never wrote anything about vodka. [66] [67] Commemoration Portrait of Mendeleev by Ilya Repin, 1885 The magnitude of the atomic weight determines the character of the element, just as the magnitude of the molecule determines the character of a compound body.

Seaborg, Glenn T (1994). "The Periodic Table: Tortuous path to man-made elements". Modern Alchemy: Selected Papers of Glenn T Seaborg. World Scientific. p.179. ISBN 978-9814502993 . Retrieved 5 March 2016.