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The Nightmare Before Christmas premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 9, 1993, and was given a limited release on October 13, before its wide theatrical release on October 29. The film was met with commercial and critical success upon release, earning praise for its animation, particularly the innovation of stop-motion as an art form, as well as its characters, songs, and score. While initially a modest box office hit, it has since garnered a large cult following and is widely regarded as one of the greatest animated films of all time. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, a first for an animated film, but lost to Jurassic Park. [12] The film has been reissued by Walt Disney Pictures and was re-released annually in Disney Digital 3-D from 2006 until 2010.
McCradden, Melissa D.; Cusimano, Michael D. (18 September 2018). "Concussions in Sledding Sports and the Unrecognized "Sled Head": A Systematic Review". Frontiers in Neurology. 9: 772. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00772. ISSN 1664-2295. PMC 6153360. PMID 30279676. Shea, Cam (April 27, 2007). "Real D: The Future of Cinema". IGN. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008 . Retrieved September 26, 2008.The image below shows the human skeleton with some of the most important bone groups labeled: Human skeleton Hard structures may be either internal or external. They may be composed of bone (calcareous or membranous structures that are rigid), crystals, cuticle, or ossicles (i.e., minute plates, rods, or spicules).
a b c Collura, Scott (October 21, 2006). " The Nightmare Before Christmas 3-D: 13 Years and Three Dimensions Later". IGN . Retrieved March 22, 2021. Disney (September 26, 2017). Tim Burton's the Nightmare Before Christmas Cinestory Comic: Collector's Edition. Joe Books Limited. ISBN 978-1987955200. In 2006, a picture book containing the poem Tim Burton wrote that originated the film was released on August 15. [101] In celebration of the film's 20th anniversary, the poem was re-released with a hardcover edition in 2013. [102] On July 20, 2009, an illustrated book covering a rendition of " The Twelve Days of Christmas" song titled Nightmare Before Christmas: The 13 Days of Christmas was published. In celebration of the film's 25th anniversary, a book and CD, featuring narration and sound effects, was released on July 3, 2018. [103] The skeleton event in the Winter Olympics uses the same two-day, four-heat format as the World Championships, but team quotas are significantly smaller. The International Olympic Committee assigns athlete quotas to national Olympic committees in cooperation with the IBSF and using the IBSF ranking system to determine qualification; 20 women and 30 men competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, Korea, with one automatic quota going to the host country (Korea) for each gender. For men, three countries received three quota spots each, six were allocated two spots, and five got one; for women, two countries received three spots, four got two, and two got one. The ranking of the countries for quota assignment was based on their third-highest, second-highest, or highest ranked athlete in total IBSF ranking over the qualification period. In addition, three quota spots are reserved for countries whose continent did not receive any representation based on this assignment procedure.In December 2021, a collaboration between Disney and Fall Guys released a seasonal challenge themed after The Nightmare Before Christmas, which was available from December 16 through December 27. [137] [138] Davison, Steven (July 6, 2021). Nightmare Before Christmas 13 Days of Christmas . Disney Press. ISBN 9781368064576. Both skeleton and its sister sport, bobsledding, have been associated with traumatic brain injury, a phenomenon known as "sled head". Multiple suicides of former athletes have been linked to these sports. [22] [23] See also [ edit ] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called it a restoration of "originality and daring to the Halloween genre. This dazzling mix of fun and fright also explodes the notion that animation is kid stuff. … It's 74 minutes of timeless movie magic." [65] James Berardinelli stated " The Nightmare Before Christmas has something to offer just about everyone. For the kids, it's a fantasy celebrating two holidays. For the adults, it's an opportunity to experience some light entertainment while marveling at how adept Hollywood has become at these techniques. There are songs, laughs, and a little romance. In short, The Nightmare Before Christmas does what it intends to: entertain." [66] Desson Thomson of The Washington Post enjoyed the film's similarities to the writings of Oscar Wilde and the Brothers Grimm, as well as The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and other German Expressionist films. [67]
CYNAMATIC: EXCLUSIVE: Masato Yoshino Gets Oogie's Revenge". MovieWeb. October 7, 2005 . Retrieved January 6, 2011. a b IBSF International Skeleton Rules (PDF). 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 December 2015 . Retrieved 19 March 2017.
The skeletons of arthropods, including insects, crustaceans, and arachnids, are cuticle exoskeletons. They are composed of chitin secreted by the epidermis. [27] The cuticle covers the animal's body and lines several internal organs, including parts of the digestive system. Arthropods molt as they grow through a process of ecdysis, developing a new exoskeleton, digesting part of the previous skeleton, and leaving the remainder behind. An arthropod's skeleton serves many functions, working as an integument to provide a barrier and support the body, providing appendages for movement and defense, and assisting in sensory perception. Some arthropods, such as crustaceans, absorb biominerals like calcium carbonate from the environment to strengthen the cuticle. [5] Echinoderms [ edit ] Flat bones serve the primary purpose of protecting important organs. These bones to not require the same range of motion like the short bones, and to not undergo pronounced growth like the long bones.
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