A Modern Herbal: The Medicinal, Culinary, Cosmetic, and Economic Properties, Cultivation, and Folklore of Herbs, Grasses, Fungi, Shrubs, and Trees with All Their Modern Scientific Uses

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Kala CP (2003). Medicinal plants of Indian trans-Himalaya. Dehradun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh. p.200. Ernst E (2007). "Herbal Medicines: Balancing Benefits and Risks". Dietary Supplements and Health. Novartis Foundation Symposia. Vol.282. pp.154–67, discussion 167–72, 212–18. doi: 10.1002/9780470319444.ch11. ISBN 978-0-470-31944-4. PMID 17913230. In some species, Verbascum nigrum, the Dark Mullein, and V. blattaria, the Moth Mullein, the filament hairs are purple. The rounded ovary is hairy and also the lower part of the style. The stigma is mature before the anthers and the style projects at the moment the flower opens, so that any insect approaching it from another blossom where it has got brushed by pollen, must needs strike it on alighting and thus insure crossfertilization, though, failing this, the flower is also able to fertilize itself. The ripened seed capsule is very hard and contains many seeds, which eventually escape through two valves and are scattered round the parent plant. Main articles: History of herbalism and Materia medica A physician preparing an elixir, from an Arabic version of Dioscorides's pharmacopoeia, 1224

Herbal medicine (also called herbalism, phytomedicine or phytotherapy) is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are a basis of traditional medicine. [1] With worldwide research into pharmacology, some herbal medicines have been translated into modern remedies, such as the anti-malarial group of drugs called artemisinin isolated from Artemisia annua, a herb that was known in Chinese medicine to treat fever. [2] [3] There is limited scientific evidence for the safety and efficacy of many plants used in 21st century herbalism, which generally does not provide standards for purity or dosage. [1] [4] The scope of herbal medicine sometimes include fungal and bee products, as well as minerals, shells and certain animal parts. [5] The older herbalists described it as venomous and deadly. Gerard says: 'There hath beene little heretofore set down concerning the virtues of the Aconite, but much might be saide of the hurts that have come thereby.' It was supposed to be an antidote against other poisons. Gerard tells us that its power was 'So forcible that the herb only thrown before the scorpion or any other venomous beast, causeth them to be without force or strength to hurt, insomuch that they cannot moove or stirre untill the herbe be taken away.' Ben Jonson, in his tragedy Sejanus, says: Su XZ, Miller LH (November 2015). "The discovery of artemisinin and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine". Science China Life Sciences. 58 (11): 1175–9. doi: 10.1007/s11427-015-4948-7. PMC 4966551. PMID 26481135. Licensed Natural Health Products Database: What is it?". Health Canada. 8 December 2016. Archived from the original on 4 June 2017 . Retrieved 25 February 2017.

We won Natural Lifestyle magazine’s ‘Best New Supplement 2020′. And it was also voted ‘Best Targeted Health Solution’ in its category in Holland and Barrett’s ‘Healthy Awards’ magazine 2021. O'Connor A (3 November 2012). "Herbal Supplements Are Often Not What They Seem". New York Times. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017 . Retrieved 12 November 2013. The province of Szechwen in West China grows large quantities of medicinal plants, among them A. Wilsoni, which is worth about 4s. per cwt., of which 55,000 lb. a year can be produced in this province; A. Fischeri, about four times the price, of which rather less are yearly available, and A. Hemsleyan, about the same price as the latter, of which about 27,000 lb. are available in an average year.

Some species of Aconite were well known to the ancients as deadly poisons. It was said to be the invention of Hecate from the foam of Cerberus, and it was a species of Aconite that entered into the poison which the old men of the island of Ceos were condemned to drink when they became infirm and no longer of use to the State. Aconite is also supposed to have been the poison that formed the cup which Medea prepared for Theseus. (Note---Aconite and Belladonna were said to be the ingredients in the witches' 'Flying ointments.' Aconite causes irregular action of the heart, and Belladonna produces delirium. These combined symptoms might give a sensation of 'flying.'---EDITOR) Lee MR (December 2006). "Solanaceae III: henbane, hags and Hawley Harvey Crippen". The Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. 36 (4): 366–73. PMID 17526134. Romm A (2010). Botanical Medicine for Women's Health. Churchill Livingstone. p.24. ISBN 978-0-443-07277-2.On account of the extremely poisonous properties of the root, it is considered desirable that the root should be grown and collected under the same conditions, so that uniformity in the drug is maintained. The British Pharmacopceia specifies, therefore, that the roots should be collected in the autumn from plants cultivated in Britain and should consist of the dried, full-grown 'daughter' roots: much of the Aconite root that used to come in large quantities from Germany was the exhausted parent root of the wild-flowering plants.

Tyler VE, Robbers JE (1999). Tyler's Herbs of Choice: The Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals. Routledge. pp. 6–8. ISBN 978-0789001597. a b c Elvin-Lewis M (May 2001). "Should we be concerned about herbal remedies". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 75 (2–3): 141–64. doi: 10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00394-9. PMID 11297844.Mullein is said to be of much value in diarrhoea, from its combination of demulcent with astringent properties, by this combination strengthening the bowels at the same time. In diarrhcea the ordinary infusion is generally given, but when any bleeding of the bowels is present, the decoction prepared with milk is recommended. In preparing beds for growing Aconite, the soil should be well dug and pulverized by early winter frosts - the digging in of rotten leaves or stable manure is advantageous. Other varieties of Aconite are A. chasmanthum (Staph.), known in India as Mohri, which contains Indaconitine, and A. spicatum, another Indian species containing Bikhaconitine, resembling Pseudaconitine. A. heterophyllum (Wall), Atis root, is a plant growing in the Western temperate Himalayas. This species does not contain Aconitine and is said to be non-poisonous. Its chief constituent is an intensely bitter alkaloid - Atisine - possessing tonic and antiperiodic principles. A. palmatum, of Indian origin, yields a similar alkaloid, Palmatisine. The Aconitines are a group of highly toxic alkaloids derived from various species of Aconite, and whilst possessing many properties in common are chemically distinguishable according to the source from which they are obtained. The Aconitines are divided into two groups: (1) the Aconitines proper, including Aconitine, Japaconitine and Indaconitine, and (2) the Pseudaconitines - Pseudaconitine and Bikhaconitine.

Yuan D, Yang X, Guo JC (May 2016). "A great honor and a huge challenge for China: You-you TU getting the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine". Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. 17 (5): 405–8. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B1600094. PMC 4868832. PMID 27143269. Paraherbalism is the pseudoscientific use of extracts of plant or animal origin as supposed medicines or health-promoting agents. [1] [6] [7] Phytotherapy differs from plant-derived medicines in standard pharmacology because it does not isolate and standardize the compounds from a given plant believed to be biologically active. It relies on the false belief that preserving the complexity of substances from a given plant with less processing is safer and potentially more effective, for which there is no evidence either condition applies. [6] For example, dangerously low blood pressure may result from the combination of a herbal remedy that lowers blood pressure together with prescription medicine that has the same effect. Some herbs may amplify the effects of anticoagulants. [50] Müller JL (1998). "Love potions and the ointment of witches: historical aspects of the nightshade alkaloids". Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology. 36 (6): 617–27. doi: 10.3109/15563659809028060. PMID 9776969. On the Continent, the herbaceous parts of the plant have been employed for their mucilaginous, demulcent and expectorant properties. The root and seeds are also emetic and purgative, which properties as well as the expectorant action of the plant are doubtless due to the presence of the violine.As a matter of fact, this species of Aconite by no means deserves its reputation of harmlessness, for it is only poisonous in a less degree than the rest of the same genus, and the theory that it is a remedy against poison, particularly that of the other Aconites, is now an exploded one. Porter Jr SE (25 May 2017). "Warning Letter – Herbal Doctor Remedies". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020 . Retrieved 25 November 2020.