The use of a paddle wheel in navigation appears for the first time in the mechanical treatise of the Roman engineer Vitruvius ( De architectura, X 9.5–7), where he describes multigeared paddle wheels working as a ship odometer. The first mention of paddle wheels as a means of propulsion comes from the fourth– or fifth-century military treatise De Rebus Bellicis (chapter XVII), where the anonymous Roman author describes an ox-driven paddle-wheel warship: Bernard Dumpleton (2002). Story of the Paddle Steamer. Intellect Limited. pp.1–47. ISBN 9781841508016. Christopher, Peter (2001). Paddlesteamers and Riverboats of the River Murray (2ed.). Axiom Publishing. p.17. ISBN 1864760400.

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Steamboats of the Mississippi– Overview of the role of steamboats in the 19th-century development of the Mississippi River After the American Civil War, as the expanding railroads took many passengers, the traffic became primarily bulk cargoes. The largest, and one of the last, paddle steamers on the Mississippi was the sternwheeler Sprague. Built in 1901, she pushed coal and petroleum until 1948. [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] Twain, Mark (1859). "Life on the Mississippi". Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 75 (10): 1001. doi: 10.1097/00001888-200010000-00016. PMID 11031147. Hunter (1993), p.127. "The first departure from the Boulton and Watt type of engine was the French oscillating cylinder engine with which the first three steamboats built by the Brownsville group were equipped- the Comet (25 tons, 1813), the Despatch (25 tons, 1814), and the Enterprise (75 tons, 1814). The first of these was not a success, and the Despatch made no name for herself; but the Enterprise was one of the best of the early western steamboats." In the early 19th century, paddle wheels were the predominant way of propulsion for steam-powered boats. In the late 19th century, paddle propulsion was largely superseded by the screw propeller and other marine propulsion systems that have a higher efficiency, especially in rough or open water. Paddle wheels continue to be used by small, pedal-powered paddle boats and by some ships that operate tourist voyages. The latter are often powered by diesel engines. [a] Paddle wheels [ edit ] Left: Riveted steel paddle wheel from a sidewheeler paddle steamer on the lake of LucerneHanson, Joseph Mills. The Conquest of the Missouri: Being the Story of the Life and Exploits of Captain Grant Marsh, pp. 421-2, Murray Hill Books, New York and Toronto, 1909, 1937, 1946. Enterprise, or Enterprize, was the fourth Mississippi steamboat. [11] Launched in 1814 at Brownsville, Pennsylvania, for the Monongahela and Ohio Steam Boat Company, she was a dramatic departure from Fulton's boats. [1] The Enterprise - featuring a high-pressure steam engine, a single stern paddle wheel, and shoal draft - proved to be better suited for use on the Mississippi compared to Fulton's boats. [1] [12] [13] The Enterprise clearly demonstrated the suitability of French's design during her epic voyage from New Orleans to Brownsville, a distance of more than 2,000 miles (3,200km), performed against the powerful currents of the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. [14]

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In 1705, Papin constructed a ship powered by hand-cranked paddles. An apocryphal story originating in 1851 by Louis Figuire held that this ship was steam-powered rather than hand-powered and that it was therefore the first steam-powered vehicle of any kind. The myth was refuted as early as 1880 by Ernst Gerland [ de], though still it finds credulous expression in some contemporary scholarly work. [9] Dunkirk - Operation Dynamo 1940". www.medwayqueen.co.uk. Medway Queen Preservation Society . Retrieved 10 July 2021.Gandy, Joan W; Gandy, Thomas H (1987). The Mississippi Steamboat Era in Historic Photographs. Dover Publications, Inc. pp. 2–3, 116. ISBN 0-486-25260-4. Hunter (1993), p.127. "Not only was the Washington the largest steamboat on the western rivers at the time of her construction, but she outperformed all previously built steamboats and established a high reputation for herself and for Shreve." New Orleans, or Orleans, was the first Mississippi steamboat. [3] Launched in 1811 at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for a company organized by Robert Livingston and Robert Fulton, her designer, she was a large, heavy side-wheeler with a deep draft. [1] [4] [5] Her low-pressure Boulton and Watt steam engine operated a complex power train that was also heavy and inefficient. [1]

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The largest paddle-steamer ever built was Brunel's Great Eastern, but it also had screw propulsion and sail rigging. It was 692ft (211m) long and weighed 32,000tons, its paddlewheels being 56ft (17m) in diameter. In oceangoing service, paddle steamers became much less useful after the invention of the screw propeller, but they remained in use in coastal service and as river tugboats, thanks to their shallow draught and good maneuverability. Lloyd (1856), p.42. "The second steamboat of the West was a diminutive vessel called the 'Comet.' Daniel D. Smith was the owner, and D. French the builder of this boat. Her machinery was on a plan for which French had obtained a patent in 1809." Evers, Henry (1873). Steam and the Steam Engine: Land, Marine and Locomotive. Glasgow: William Collins, Sons. p.98. PS Cumberoona was built as a bicentennial project by Albury City Council. It suffered from uncertain water levels, and has been transferred to Lake Mulwala (Yarrawonga Weir, on Murray River).

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The replica paddle steamer Curlip was constructed in Gippsland, Australia, and launched in November 2008. As at 2020, it was on the hard at Paynesville, with an uncertain future. Wander around the beautiful French Quarter neighborhood, taste Southern and Creole cooking and listen to world-renowned jazz music. Airfare is not included in our Mississippi River cruises. Our voyages include an all-inclusive experience with a one-night pre-cruise hotel stay, ground transfers between hotel & vessel, unlimited guided tours, regionally inspired cuisine, unlimited wines, beers, and spirits, Wi-Fi, and live daily onboard entertainment and enrichment. Because of its vastness, the river is divided into Lower Mississippi River cruises, Upper Mississippi River cruises, and Ohio & Mississippi River cruises. When sailing the Lower Mississippi River, the adventure starts or ends in Memphis, New Orleans, or St. Louis. You can choose your ideal itinerary from our variety of voyages. Paddle wheelers are still in operation on some lakes in Southern Bavaria, such as Diessen (49m, 161ft) on Ammersee, built in 1908 and converted to a diesel system in 1975. [37] It has been completely rebuilt in 2006. As paddle wheelers have proven to be such a great tourist attraction, a new one was even built in 2002 on Ammersee, Herrsching, but it has never been powered by steam. On lake Chiemsee, RMS Ludwig Fessler (53m, 174ft) is still in regular service. [38] It was built in 1926, but is now [ when?] also powered by diesel engines (since 1973). The original diesel engine was the last ship engine being built by Maffei (no. 576). This engine has ended up in Switzerland to drive the newly renovated Neuchâtel, launched in 2013. [39] Bangladesh [ edit ]