A case study was conducted between MUMPS and PARDISO solvers and segregated and fully coupled approaches to obtain an appropriate solver and approach for the analysis ( Table III). Optical emission spectroscopy is used as a temperature measurement technique in the plasma torch to evaluate the characteristics of thermal plasma experimentally. Now these electrons, as they gain kinetic energy, from an external field, move from one atom's valence shell to the other atom.

As they travel through any section of wire, they gain some kinetic energy due to the electric field, but then they smash with an atom and lose it all, then they gain some again until they smash with another atom and lose it all again. The laminar flow model is solved in the fluid regions, and the case studies are conducted by varying the inlet flow rate from 42 to 77 l/min. Electron only claim it has a 165 lumen output, but its reach is good and there are no distracting holes or halo disturbances in the beam.According to Newtonian mechanics the total work of the force from position A to position B is the change of kinetic energy of between position A and position B.

However, the segregated approach will not solve all the unknowns at one time, but it subdivides the problem into two or more segregated steps.

Sun SR, Kolev S, Wang HX et al (2017) Coupled gas flow-plasma model for a gliding arc: investigations of the back-breakdown phenomenon and its effect on the gliding arc characteristics.