The Florentines: From Dante to Galileo

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The Florentine dialect forms the base of Standard Italian and it became the language of culture throughout Italy [10] due to the prestige of the masterpieces by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolò Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini. Commissioned by the Medici, Machiavelli also wrote the Florentine Histories, the history of the city. Leave freshly baked florentines on the tray for a few minutes to cool/begin to harden, then carefully slide them onto a flat spatula and transfer to a cooling rack.

The Medici reassumed their rule in 1531 after an 11-month siege of the city, aided by Emperor CharlesV. Pope Eugenius IV convened it in reply to a cry for assistance from the Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire) John VIII Palaiologos.To boost the sale of traditional foods, the mayor had introduced legislation (enacted in 2016) that requires restaurants to use typical Tuscan products and rejected McDonald's application to open a location in the Piazza del Duomo. The Piazza della Repubblica is a square in the city centre, location of the cultural cafés and bourgeois palaces.

He was famed for his penitential sermons, lambasting what he viewed as widespread immorality and attachment to material riches. Around the city there are tiny placards on the walls noting where the flood waters reached at their highest point. Ecologies and Economies in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: Studies in Environmental History for Richard C. The conservative government wanted war, while the people bemoaned such a stance as they would be subject to enormous tax increases. In 1519, Lorenzo died from syphilis, shortly before his wife gave birth to Catherine de' Medici, the future Queen of France.Pisa and Siena as well as a number of smaller cities submitted to Gian Galeazzo, while Lucca withdrew from the anti-Visconti league, with Bologna remaining the only major ally. The project proposed by Brunelleschi in the 14th century was the largest ever built at the time, and the first major dome built in Europe since the two great domes of Roman times – the Pantheon in Rome, and Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.